| Concerns about umbilical cord clamping |
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| Home -------- Site Map Apgar Oxygen an urgent ongoing need Transition fetal to postnatal circulation Tradition Protocols Outcomes >>Concerns (NCS p7) Question Authority References Links Notes Contact: Eileen Nicole Simon eileen4brainresearch@yahoo.com |
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| Topics |
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| Ischemic brain damage |
Language development |
Evidence versus opinion |
Increased prevalence of childhood disorders |
Dependency and need for lifelong care |
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| Most infants do breathe within seconds of birth, but as Dunn [8] pointed out, "There is often a delay after delivery before breathing commences." Continuing pulsation of the umbilical cord stump was observed in newborn infants and correlated with early respiratory distress by Desmond and coworkers in 1959 [64]. The lungs, not the amputated placenta, should become the target of respiratory blood flow after birth. Waiting for the infant to breathe on its own is the best indicator that circulation has shifted from placental to pulmonary respiration. |
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| 6. Ischemic brain damage |
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| In experiments with monkeys on asphyxia at birth, the first breath was prevented by delivering the newborn head into a rubber sac, and placental respiration stopped by clamping the umbilical cord [65-71]. The purpose was to investigate ways to prevent cerebral palsy, but the asphyxiated monkeys did not develop cerebral palsy, and what Myers termed "a monotonous rank order of brainstem lesions" was the pattern of damage found in the brain [70]. Myers later found that prolonged partial obstruction of placental blood flow late in gestation was the cause of cerebral palsy and its well-known pattern of damage to cortical and subcortical motor systems. |
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| Windle proposed that the brainstem pattern caused by suffocation and umbilical cord clamping at birth might underlie the syndrome known at that time as "minimal cerebral dysfunction" [67, 71]. So-called minimal involvement of the central nervous system corresponds to present-day designations of "attention deficit disorder" or "pervasive developmental disorder," behaviorally-defined syndromes without involvement of motor systems. |
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| Posted: February 27, 2006 (a work in progress) |
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